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Mercredi 28 novembre 2007
This winning project was presented to the PUCA (Urban planning, Architectural design – the Housing Ministry) jointly by Christian Gimonet and POBI (Jacob Group) for the CQFD National Competition (Cost – Quality – Reliability – Delivery time) second session. The collaboration of Architect and Manufacturer, started in 2004 for the Durable Urban Villas in Bourges, aims to establish a range of industrialised combinable timber-framed houses which can satisfy the demand of both public and private owners. It is supported by the dossier presented at the first session of the CQFD and improved by new solutions worked out by their continual collaboration.
The new project, presented at this second competition goes much farther towards the goals of the Swiss “Minergie” and the German “Passiv-haus”.
An ecological approach and industrial means adequate for the requirements of the market.
In order to understand and assimilate the way organisations such as CSTB, ADEME, PREBAT etc. would like the building industry to go (that is towards construction which conforms to
the challenges facing the planet) the architect, who has been fighting for a long time for global costs and ecological architecture, followed important events in 2006 and 2007: the New
Energy round tables in Paris on 16th June 2006, Solar panel exhibition in Friburg en Brisgau, the CSTB day on the Positive Energy House on 28th September 2006, a day on
Global Costs at the Senate on 12th March 2007, the First Prebat and photovoltaic panel Congress at Aix les Bains from the 20th to the 22nd March 2006
etc.
As for the Jacob Group, in order to improve production and productivity it has increased its personnel and is building a new 10000 square metre factory (taking its total production
area to 22000 square metres). The cost of this investment is 10 million euros and will enable the company to produce a minimum of 1600 ecological housing units a year as from 2008 (the maximum
capacity of the future factory will be 2200 housing units a year).
For its subsidiary POBI, the Jacob Group is finalising steps for the CE label and the ATE (European Technical Approval) for its complete timber-framed construction
kit. It will be the first company in France (and the second in Europe) to have this distinction in autumn 2007. (It will be officially announced during the Housing Minister Christine
Boutin’s visit to the Jacob Group head office.) At the moment POBI products have the SOCOTEC Quality label.
Partnerships are developing with other manufactures, suppliers of fittings and companies specialising in installation able to work on a regional or even national basis. Do not
forget that the 55 Durable Urban Villas in Bourges satisfying 11 of the 14 HQE criteria are in the 821 euros before tax per square metre bracket. 40 houses have already been built, the rate of 5%
tolerance has not been overstepped.
Primary Energy goal: 45 kwHep per square metre
To satisfy the new rules on adaptability for disabled people a new four roomed unit has been developed. Two and three roomed houses have also been designed to satisfy exact needs
of the owners (Nievre Habitat) and for a project in La Charite sur Loire (what is more this project was chosen by Burgundy Regional Council as its 2006 low energy construction project). All of
this range of houses can be used alone or together with annexes such as garages, car ports, garden sheds etc.
Solutions which have already been finalised in Bourges (55 Durable Urban Villas for Bourges Habitat) suitable for ensuring savings in heating and summer comfort such as
mechanical ventilation double flow with Canadian wells, passive solar etc. will obviously be used again, the technique of timber-framed panels (walls and floors) is developing towards “panels
closed” by Pregyplac BA13.
Housing insulation is strengthened and primary energy for heating should be less than 45kwhEp per square metre. As for the heating it is still planned to be floor heating.
Integrating photovoltaic panels shows a willingness to move towards positive energy houses, this new idea enables us to juxtapose things to satisfy higher densities.
An example of this application: an estate of 28 bioclimatic houses
To illustrate the capacities of very varied groupings possible with these houses, the winning team presented a theoretical neighbourhood unit model capable of
satisfying construction costs of 1000 euros before tax (before VRD):
- 28 bioclimatic houses in an area of 4600 square metres ( the
national average for the number of houses per estate), four two roomed, eight three roomed, twelve four roomed and four five roomed houses. Each house has a winter garden and
sixteen have private, well-situated gardens compatible with RT 2005 linking area to facades.
- One full-sized neighbourhood unit where the inhabitants could experience urban
living
- Harmonious integration into sites which could possibly be traditional
housing
- A minimum amount of roads reducing both the visual and sonorous impact of
cars
- A size of operation enabling the introduction of equipment such as: lifts giving
disabled people access to all floors, wood heating with storage silos, rain water stores, collective TV aerials, 260 square metres of phopovoltaiques panels( that is 26kw) and recycling
bins.
Delivery dates: From units which have already been perfected, the length of the study period is three months not counting the period for agreement by the owner; three months for
finalisation, supplies and manufacture before delivery. The system of construction enables us to build water tight and draught free units in three days. The timetable for finishing works is
largely dependant on the weather.
The new project goes much further towards the objectives- Swiss “Minergie” and German “Passiv-Haus”. What is more, the Canadian wells can add up to three degrees centigrade to air
brought into the house. This gain corresponds to the energy needed to heat three traditional houses (3 roomed) for one year.
Finally, pre-heating of sanitary hot water by solar energy gives a double saving. Firstly the water arriving at the immersion heater will not be cold but pre-heated so water
already in the immersion heater will not be cooled down by water coming in. Secondly the water will be heated by energy which is in abundance, is free and with almost no pollution. The saving in
terms of respect for the environment (reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases) and in terms of energy, and so cost, is only more significant.
